How to shutdown computer and types?

Shutting down a computer properly ensures that all processes close safely and prevents data loss or damage.

For Windows (Windows 10/11)

1. Click the Start Menu (Windows icon at the bottom-left).
2. Select “Power” (near the bottom).
3. Choose “Shut down” – The computer will close all applications and turn off.

✅ Shortcut: Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete, then click the Power icon and select Shut down.
✅ Keyboard Shortcut: Press Alt + F4 (on the desktop) → Select Shut down → Click OK.

For macOS (MacBook & iMac)

1. Click the Apple logo (top-left corner).
2. Select Shut Down…
3. Confirm by clicking Shut Down again.

✅ Shortcut: Press Control + Option + Command + Power button to shut down immediately.

Types of Shutdown

1. Normal Shutdown
   • The standard method where all programs close, and the system turns off safely.
2. Force Shutdown
   • Used when the system freezes or becomes unresponsive.
   • How? Press and hold the Power button for 5-10 seconds until the computer turns off.
     ⚠️ Not recommended unless necessary, as it can cause data loss.
3. Restart (Reboot)
   • Shuts down and automatically starts the computer again.
   • Useful after software updates or when troubleshooting issues.
   • In Windows, select Restart instead of Shut Down.
4. Sleep Mode
   • The system stays on but in a low-power state.
   • Quickly resumes work without a full reboot.
5. Hibernate (Windows only)
   • Saves your current session to the hard drive and shuts down.
   • When you turn the PC back on, all open apps and files are restored.
   • Useful for laptops to save battery without losing work.