A computer is an electronic device that processes data and performs tasks according to a set of instructions, called a program. It can store, retrieve, and manipulate information, making it useful for various applications such as calculations, communication, entertainment, and automation.
Hardware – The physical parts of a computer, including:
- CPU (Central Processing Unit) – The “brain” that executes instructions.
- Memory (RAM) – Temporary storage for active programs and data.
- Storage (HDD/SSD) – Permanent storage for files and software.
- Input Devices – Keyboard, mouse, microphone, etc.
- Output Devices – Monitor, printer, speakers, etc.
- Motherboard – The main circuit board connecting components.2.
Software – The programs and operating systems that run on the computer, including:
- Operating System (OS) – Like Windows, macOS, or Linux, which manages hardware and software.
- Applications – Software programs like web browsers, word processors, and games.
Types of Computers:
- Personal Computers (PCs) – Desktops & laptops for general use.
- Servers – Powerful computers that provide services to other devices (e.g., websites, databases).
- Smartphones & Tablets – Portable computers with touchscreens.
- Supercomputers – Extremely fast computers for complex calculations (e.g., weather forecasting).
- Embedded Systems – Computers built into devices (e.g., cars, smart TVs).
How Does a Computer Work?
- Input – Data is entered (via keyboard, mouse, etc.).
- Processing – The CPU executes instructions.
- Storage – Data is saved temporarily (RAM) or permanently (SSD/HDD).
- Output – Results are displayed (monitor, printer, etc.).
Computers are used in almost every field today, from education and business to healthcare and entertainment.